What is the pH of a solution of 0.01 M sodium acetate, NaCH3COO ?
First, let A– represent acetate, CH3COO–, which is the conjugate weak base to the parent weak acid, acetic acid.
R | A– | + H2O ⇌ | OH– | HA |
---|---|---|---|---|
I | 0.01 | 0 - x | 0 - x | |
C | –x | +x | +x | |
E | 0.01 – x | +x | +x |
For acetic acid, CH3COOH
Ka = 1.80 × 10-5
For acetate ion, CH3COO–
Kb = KwKa = 5.56 × 10-10
\(\displaystyle K_{\rm b} = {x^2 \over 0.01 – x} \)
\(K_{\rm b}(0.01) - K_{\rm b}(x) = x^2 \)
\(0 = x^2 + K_{\rm b}(x) - K_{\rm b}(0.01) \)
\(\displaystyle x = {-K_{\rm b} + \sqrt{K_{\rm b}^2 + 4K_{\rm b}(0.01)}\over 2}\)
\(\displaystyle x = 2.3567 \times 10^{-6} \)
For 0.01 M conj BASE (A–)
where Kb = 5.56 × 10-10
[H+] = 4.24 × 10-9 M
[OH-] = 2.36 × 10-6 M
pH = 8.37
pOH = 5.63