Learning Outcomes

Students will be able too...

Describe the relationship between free energy and equilibrium
Convert ΔG to Q, as well as ΔG° to K and vice versa.
Know the importance of the activity of a species and how it relates to concentration, pressure, and equilibrium.
Write the mass action expression for homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibria.
Determine new values for K when combining multiple reactions.
Determine if a system is at equilibrium and if not which direction the reaction will shift to achieve equilibrium.
Calculate the concentration of all species at equilibrium.
Know the difference between K_p and K_c and be able to convert between the two.
Set up and solve a RICE table for a multitude of various reaction types.
Show a complete understanding of Le Chatelier's principle.
Predict the response of a reaction to an applied stress (concentration, pressure, volume, temperature) both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Calculate the new value of K when the temperature changes to a new value.

Students will be able too...

Understand the strength of an acid (or base) as determined by the percent of ionization in solution.
Identify strong and weak acids and bases.
Identify acid/base conjugate pairs and their relative strengths.
Understand the process of auto-ionization of water and what is meant by acidic, basic, and neutral.
Know the value of K_w at 25°C, and the relationship between K_a and K_b for a conjugate pair.
Convert between hydronium ion concentration, hydroxide ion concentration, pH and pOH for a given solution.
Determine the pH of a strong acid or base solution.
Determine the pH of a weak acid or weak base solution.
Determine the pH of the solution made from the salt of a weak acid or the salt of a weak base.
Recognize and predict the components of a buffer solution.
Calculate the pH of a buffer solution, and a buffer solution after the addition of strong acid or strong base.
Determine the majority species for acid/base solutions as well as the pH following neutralization.
Interpret a titration curve plot including calculating the concentration and K_a or K_b for the analyte.
Determine the protonation state (or overall charge) for a polyprotic species at a particular pH.
Apply concepts from equilibria to acid/base problems

Know (memorize) the value for K_w at 25°C which is 1.0 × 10^-14.

Know ALL necessary formulas for answering all the questions that go with the outcomes listed above.